tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-76695344417927544142024-02-21T12:33:14.359+07:00The Jeans EncyclopediaThe Jeans Encyclopedia of Legend, Past and PresentUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger3125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7669534441792754414.post-63134445380443231842011-07-07T16:02:00.002+07:002011-12-12T11:41:20.838+07:00B - Chapter<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZ0kizeXNFOkTsjC6v93xYOkY162Qg1bb1IHFfwSqolyiTccXDyLFLdeZ1XgbqvLbR7fF4CaVekTBeniGFTBXEOis2ZgSQQSNV-g2jR9VS6421_ZDBJ18A-G_v7EzRM5qNNxGsIyoGNj19/s1600/backpocketflasher.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZ0kizeXNFOkTsjC6v93xYOkY162Qg1bb1IHFfwSqolyiTccXDyLFLdeZ1XgbqvLbR7fF4CaVekTBeniGFTBXEOis2ZgSQQSNV-g2jR9VS6421_ZDBJ18A-G_v7EzRM5qNNxGsIyoGNj19/s200/backpocketflasher.jpg" width="200" /></a><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BACK POCKET FLASHER</span></b> Paper or cardboard flapped attached to <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">the right back pocket of jeans, used as a means of commpunicating the difference between denim fabrics, finishing, shapes and sizes. A strategic marketing tool, is so expresses a jeanswear brand’s images, featuring illustrations, copy and graphics that evoke such themes as western-style, American ‘50s, eco-consciousness, romance and high-tech</span>.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjwYAF30k5zQpVC8GbeO9NgBZy6fEHcgpqmCPPsIR1LA8WMz9kP03De0lTi7KEHJmE4YdffmQx_FG1-ewEPQxluG3PHYNDniqDyuMpaWgYiubxh9ZxLaddSAd6zipBk0ZLbZ-vgXsy7Rin/s1600/baeyer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjwYAF30k5zQpVC8GbeO9NgBZy6fEHcgpqmCPPsIR1LA8WMz9kP03De0lTi7KEHJmE4YdffmQx_FG1-ewEPQxluG3PHYNDniqDyuMpaWgYiubxh9ZxLaddSAd6zipBk0ZLbZ-vgXsy7Rin/s200/baeyer.jpg" width="137" /></a><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BAEYER</span></b>, Adolf von *1835 (Berlin, Germany) †1917, German chemist who developed the first synthetic indigo dye in 1879, after many years of research. He then sold the patent to German company BASF AG. </div>
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BAGGY</span></b> A style of jeans, loose and very wide. Elio Fiorucci is said to have invented the first baggy jeans back in 1978, during the Safety Jeans periods. Also called carrot.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZsEZp4uhlkXFi5Tb7wNnzlH8AijrQXvk-kaNQkzqyOOAFBMgciEDPQlpKFkftJY3fMQ2OxUrclCui_diNPJOmwgEqf3lkLXZzWKYOmEISA8T0uEUjaIiqwCCqK2nS3xTJiZhlha1pEYrr/s1600/ball.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="95" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZsEZp4uhlkXFi5Tb7wNnzlH8AijrQXvk-kaNQkzqyOOAFBMgciEDPQlpKFkftJY3fMQ2OxUrclCui_diNPJOmwgEqf3lkLXZzWKYOmEISA8T0uEUjaIiqwCCqK2nS3xTJiZhlha1pEYrr/s200/ball.jpg" width="200" /></a><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BALL</span></b> *1974; Italy/Germany; by CFM International Spa/Bellini Warenvertriebsgessellschaft mbH. Conceived by <i>Aldo Ciavatta</i> (CFM International Spa, Italy) and very popular in the early ‘80s, The line is regarded as teenager basic. From 1974 to 1985, Dutch Henri Fetter BV acquired the production and distribution rights for Benelux and started distribution in Germany in 1977. In 1989, when Ciavatta’s company was facing bankruptcy, Stefanel, aiming at the jeanswear market, rented all of its labels. Stefanel’s newly founded Compagnia Finanziaria Moda srl kept Ball until 1991, but after CFM International Spa’s declared bankruptcy and subsequent auction, The German Bellini agency (which had tried local distribution in 1987) bought the label worldwide, together with <b><i>Closed</i></b>.</div>
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BALL WARPING</span></b> A step in denim making in which the individual threads formed at spinning are combined for further processing. The yarn threads are pulled together into a single continuous strand and wound onto a wooden beam called a “ball warp”.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWj98i-B1mp5qpQyOmKN7QgbNz7E9Z5fXDNvVAlfqVxwdSkLvocb-K89E3I0wa-irsrLIzAECAaaaJKAXThZdxQYW0HQRK2eaIaHp2bdrEepyZDtUAoHo6VuMoZdTSCSzrbVi0KI-yCVCH/s1600/bandannas.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="148" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWj98i-B1mp5qpQyOmKN7QgbNz7E9Z5fXDNvVAlfqVxwdSkLvocb-K89E3I0wa-irsrLIzAECAaaaJKAXThZdxQYW0HQRK2eaIaHp2bdrEepyZDtUAoHo6VuMoZdTSCSzrbVi0KI-yCVCH/s200/bandannas.jpg" width="200" /></a><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BANDANA</span></b> A colorful printed handkerchief complementing any jeans look. From the Hindu “bandhnu”, for a primitive tie dye technique. Cowboys’ bandannas were brightly colored squares tied around the neck or face to keep out dust. In the U.S. during the ‘50s and ‘60s they resurfaced with the revival of cowboy style. The ‘80s saw another comeback thanks to mucic idols Bruce Springsteen and Little Steven, who wore bandannas, typically printed in red and white or blue and white, wrapped around their heads. Also, Milan’s Paninari liked them at the neck or wrist or as headbands, and in the early ‘90s, rappers kept them tied under their baseball caps.</div>
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BANKRUPT CLOTHING COMPANY</span></b>, UK One of the major jeans retailers to make a reputation in the late ‘80s, Bankrupt runs nine stores, mainly in the north and Midlands. A denim specialist, it claims to have more than 300 styles of jeans of 100,000 pairs of denim in stock at any time, including 25,000 pairs of Levi’s. Founder Paul Caplan used to run The Jeanery chain in the early ‘80s with his father and brother, but Bankrupt is his own venture.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjssoE12Yw4sLuPxFygQpAY4n7kzg0FmnNWfLxo_YdSckVwijKgrCq46knEmde2dZ8gwKtStmLLru69DWFYQ1T-hOmwZ-uiRV4CeNi3ZqylLOISkoO6H_0taXyJb1TbTvmDAqg7kDlmgzjW/s1600/bartacks.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjssoE12Yw4sLuPxFygQpAY4n7kzg0FmnNWfLxo_YdSckVwijKgrCq46knEmde2dZ8gwKtStmLLru69DWFYQ1T-hOmwZ-uiRV4CeNi3ZqylLOISkoO6H_0taXyJb1TbTvmDAqg7kDlmgzjW/s200/bartacks.jpg" width="200" /></a><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BAR TACKS</span></b> Closely spaced stitched that connect to form a band or a bar that reinforces the corners and edges of pockets, seams, tucks, belt loops and buttonholes.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaUL-eoNcvy7dbS3g_cIbvu8-sYvPoZLSvuQg2YuAToXLJSdBi6QdpFGXXrdbetniyLV_YjNxDaHoQalADFYwiZNjvQPYMUXdwhsavMgWi5AyRXJLa446Ss0UQVSKeLJaX6smgJjxu5j0Y/s1600/BASF_logo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="99" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaUL-eoNcvy7dbS3g_cIbvu8-sYvPoZLSvuQg2YuAToXLJSdBi6QdpFGXXrdbetniyLV_YjNxDaHoQalADFYwiZNjvQPYMUXdwhsavMgWi5AyRXJLa446Ss0UQVSKeLJaX6smgJjxu5j0Y/s200/BASF_logo.jpg" width="200" /></a><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BASF AG</span></b>, Germany. The chemical group BASF (Badische Anilin-und Soda Fabrik) owns the patent monopoly on the production of synthetic indigo. The chemical formula invented by Adolf von Baeyer in 1878 for the indigo-equivalent dyestuff was immediately acquired by BASF. A process of industrial production was developed with great financial expenditure. The first indigo produced by chemical process was launced on the market in 1887<br />
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<a href="http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRphAIOtMZkD7VVZKwa-dgtibmMHB_QbREleiOYNEwGtz0ppK-Cjg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRphAIOtMZkD7VVZKwa-dgtibmMHB_QbREleiOYNEwGtz0ppK-Cjg" width="200" /></a><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BELT BUCKLE</span></b> Indispensable complement to any wstern or jeanswear look. Though seemingly ornamental its origins are practical: The hardships of western life called for comfortable but well-fitting pants. Consequently, strong leather belts and sturdy buckles became “vital” goods. As embroidery, studs and geometrical applications were added to belts, decorations started enriching buckles with scenes of life in the fields, rodeo images and local flora and fauna. The most expensive buckles are made of silver and adorned with precious stones, especially turquoise. Several leading European jeanswear brands, such as <b><i>El Charro</i></b> and <b><i>Chambers</i></b>, have made their fortunes starting as belt and leather goods importers.</div>
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BASICOS STUDIO</span></b>, France. Charles Amzallag used his experience designing for his own company Brownie to form this Paris styling office responsible for about 70 collections each year in sportswear and jeanswear for clients such as <b><i>Aviatic</i></b>, <b><i>Setrak</i></b> and <b><i>Big Star</i></b> France/Made Engine. Looker Graphic Concept, their seasonal jeanswear trend book, is one of the only reports created by jeanswear specialists.</div>
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BASICS</span></b> Easy pieces and perennial commercial favorites, including the five-pocket jeans, the western shirt and the bib’ n’ brace.</div>
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BECKARO </span></b>*1936; USA/France; by Signoles SA. Originally a U.S. brand, created in Wyoming in the ‘30s and out of circulation since the ‘60s. The name was inspired by the bucking broncos, or “buckaroos,” of the rodeo. Jean-Michel Signoles of <b><i>Chipie</i></b> bought the label in the late ‘80s, and in 1991, he relaunched the brand from France. The collection is based around several original models, including the “Regular,” a five-pocket in Japanese denim, woven on old, narrow looms using mother cotton.</div>
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BELL BOTTOM</span></b> A jeans style born in the late “60s popular in the ‘70s. Tight at the waist (sometimes lowered) and the thights, the trousers flare out from the knee down. Threatened to make a come back at the end of the ‘80s, but didn’t quite catch on.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOghA8ANp99Jaaol4z6GpXOquRNEFyEYLmY_m1pt1CXSGAw21R9VtszqpAlQ7r2I4TsuQxLjM2GjDG2VovwOdLeh_6pVnt2QlpWrgRwTSatLLiHmVEWkzs9yuuUml9sJX7tBb5OfBYpe_I/s1600/Bellbottom.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="130" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOghA8ANp99Jaaol4z6GpXOquRNEFyEYLmY_m1pt1CXSGAw21R9VtszqpAlQ7r2I4TsuQxLjM2GjDG2VovwOdLeh_6pVnt2QlpWrgRwTSatLLiHmVEWkzs9yuuUml9sJX7tBb5OfBYpe_I/s200/Bellbottom.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BELL BOTTOM</span></b> *1970; Italy; by Thun Srl. Born as one of the first indigenous Italian alternatives to American jeans. Bell Bottom was conceived by <i>Roberto Francardo</i> (later founder of CMF Trading Company) and Francesco Famea. The line declined with the onset of the designer jeans wave. Its historical heritage was acquired in 1989 by Thun, where it is designed by <i>Pierpaolo Savorelli</i>, who has supervised the product’s creative aspects since the very beginning.</div>
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BELT LOOPS</span></b> Standard feature added to jeans when the belt replaced suspenders as the preferred method of holding up pants. Regular jeans have five to seven belt loops; other have double belt loops or additional loops at the back. Wrangler boasts extra wide belt. <b><i>Levi Strauss</i></b> added belt loops to the 501 in 1922, though the suspender buttons remained until 1937.</div>
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BENDIX JEANS</span></b> *1975 †c.1980; Germany; by Bendix & Co. Modelle. The German label was significant in the ‘70s through a permanently up-to-the-minute collection and by utilizing the then outstanding French cut. Target groups were 15-to-30-year-olds. The label was discontinued in the late ‘70s or early ‘80s.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgceCx_4C8Kb1GEpGEtYlm8qIH0hdmckSvSBhl9dzCjDp-jo3aI5lGtILM-_RSZvi22nXwxbJWaf6eKBr1Kqoo2ym2-yKQztrk2nJnKU547GV1_kd6BHrPWEGbSJWbVYC9OeiFWISeCJqEX/s1600/benetton+logo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="80" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgceCx_4C8Kb1GEpGEtYlm8qIH0hdmckSvSBhl9dzCjDp-jo3aI5lGtILM-_RSZvi22nXwxbJWaf6eKBr1Kqoo2ym2-yKQztrk2nJnKU547GV1_kd6BHrPWEGbSJWbVYC9OeiFWISeCJqEX/s200/benetton+logo.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BENETTON</span></b> *1965; Italy; by Benetton Spa. World famous Italian brand that has spread around the globe with a very individual form of “franchising” and an original concept: to sell piece-dyed knits in a variety of color assortments, at very good prices and with the turnover. Started in 1965, Benetton’s knitwear was soon supported by jeans and casualwear. The original jeans brand, launched in the 1974, was called Jean’s West; it soon became an independent retail chain, then closed at the beginning of the ‘80s. In 1987 Benetton’s jeans were baptized Type De Nîmes, and featured mainly classic pieces. In 1989 they were replaced by Anthology, A line that introduced ring denim and exposed selvage, and in 1990 the denim collection came to include Blue Family, which incorporated stonewashed fabrics, treated the jeans way. With 5,000 retail outlets in 80 countries, Benetton’s jeanswear business amounts to 2,500,000 pieces a year (1991).<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZelzoMUZAJM3pA8yfN2NDkxAUGnM7UeU0BcXj52XPkWRaSNy3chzBRptCqaY9MzDb8qN6Zuuj23v18UVCgR8b5WgG6GTHf2jMCPtWYtLsJsn2K9z6PryseAx8jKt2sdY78xFFQxix4atn/s1600/luciano+benetton.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZelzoMUZAJM3pA8yfN2NDkxAUGnM7UeU0BcXj52XPkWRaSNy3chzBRptCqaY9MzDb8qN6Zuuj23v18UVCgR8b5WgG6GTHf2jMCPtWYtLsJsn2K9z6PryseAx8jKt2sdY78xFFQxix4atn/s200/luciano+benetton.jpg" width="197" /></a></div>
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BENNETON</span></b>, <b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">Luciano</span></b> *1935 (
Treviso, Italy ) An innovator who combines a strong commercial pragmatism with
a visionary market sense and a “do good” ideology. The Benetton founder
embodies his company’s success story, although it is really a family business.
His intelligence and charismatic appearance have been a very convincing vehicle
for the company’s rise.<span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOdV6OlEv6Y7DyCQlmZP4bxeK8aGi9CGQNrehGLf17_jOjg1qz6IhOySk7DtubAtoap5ipPtBdVSszcKpFF6SJPf_PDWhuSk5ZhWuAho6qDEuov3cxRJ0BWANvXOLZPHvuEeSOc3ZT-iHH/s1600/bensimon_w350.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOdV6OlEv6Y7DyCQlmZP4bxeK8aGi9CGQNrehGLf17_jOjg1qz6IhOySk7DtubAtoap5ipPtBdVSszcKpFF6SJPf_PDWhuSk5ZhWuAho6qDEuov3cxRJ0BWANvXOLZPHvuEeSOc3ZT-iHH/s200/bensimon_w350.jpg" width="135" /></a><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BENSIMON DENIM</span></b> *1991; France; by S.B.S. SA. The
sophisticated work-inspired collection, with a distinctive paper loop tag held
by a back pocket rivet, is a complement to Serge Bensimon’s highly successful
Autour Du Monde sportswear line for men and women.</span></span><br />
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<span lang="IN"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BENSIMON, Serge</span></b> *1953 (Oran, Algeria) As both a designer and a retailer,
Serge Bensimon had a great influence on jeanswear concepts in the ‘80s,
although he didn’t start his own Bensimon Denim collection until 1991. In 1989,
he opened a high-end, multi-label jeanery in Paris called Denim General Store,
which inspired many others to do same. Bensimon developed his fashion instinct
working with his father Simon’s military surplus business where, in the early ‘80s,
he pioneered the revamping and redyeing of surplus items. In 1986, He turned surplus
style into a sportswear collection called Autour Du Monde for men and women
with a Paris shop followed by a string of free-standing shops and corners.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BERAN, Dieter A.</span></b> *1935 (Germany) An expert in the jeans industry who was
prominent on the market in the ‘70s and ‘80s. Among his greatest triumphs are
the successful market positioning of the U.S. label Wrangler in Germany and the
built-up of the German jeans label Pioneer. At the same time he was also
renowned as a retailer. After various sales activities in the industry Beran
turned independent in 1965 as a trade representative an took charge of the
Wrangler label, among others. Impressed by his above-average turnover, the U.S.
company appointed him manager for Germany and vice president for Europe in
1967. Under his management Wrangler become one of the leaders in the German
jeans market. Beran left Wrangler in 1976 in order to devote more time to the
retail business he started in 1966. Beran built up the Pioneer jeans label for
the German company Ahlers in 1977 and helped the label to its ultimate success.
In 1982 Beran gave up his position as managing director of Pioneer to
concentrate on his retailing activity for his own chain of jeans shops, Western
Store Beran GmbH.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BEST BLUE/DE VILLE</span></b> *1984; Italy/Germany; by Delon Consultant Handels GmbH.
Originally designed as a basic-oriented denim instant range in the medium price
segment. Distributing company Heinrich Dattler GmbH first presented the young
Italian label from De Ville Spa to the German jeans market in the February
1988. One season later the line was separated as a Young Fashion collection,
and Best Blue became a pure denim line with good fits. De Ville was
discontinued in spring 1990. Distribution for Germany, Austria, Switzerland and
Scandinavia of the reformed casualwear-oriented Best Blue line has been via
German-based Delon Consultant GmbH since 1990.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BEST COMPANY</span></b> *1987; Italy; by Simint Spa.
Originally designed by Olmes Carretti and produced by Alfredo Saltini’s
Biesseci company, Best Company started as a sweatshirt label. Its success was
meteoric, thanks to Carretti’s colorful flowery patterns, embroideries and
ecological messages, which started a strong future trend. The resulting
jeanswear line was joint venture between Saltini and Marcello Fratini, who
formed a company called United Corporation. Having bought his label back,
Saltini sold it to Simint in 1990. The line has a junior extension.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BEST DIRECTION </span></b>*1984; UK; by Best Direction Ltd. A
menswear collection from Second Image with a strong jeans element. Originally
designed to by slightly more expensive complement to the populary priced
womenswear line. Since the late ‘80s, it has been marketed as a
European-produced, European-styled casualwear range.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BIB ‘N’ BRACE</span></b> -> Dungarees, Overalls<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4P_XGQBBihGm6uxVw9AL2x3gPBHTTefZ7JOuGRupsacvs3l4eIHlqPlMWhgU9j8LJA9Ofdt0JroUuSo5RXDPM-UBDAS-AD588AoaIy9Vn4vS74nw9wqywz3pwGMmggA17RB637FAiOgtp/s1600/Big-E-logo-B009D0B915-seeklogo.com.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4P_XGQBBihGm6uxVw9AL2x3gPBHTTefZ7JOuGRupsacvs3l4eIHlqPlMWhgU9j8LJA9Ofdt0JroUuSo5RXDPM-UBDAS-AD588AoaIy9Vn4vS74nw9wqywz3pwGMmggA17RB637FAiOgtp/s200/Big-E-logo-B009D0B915-seeklogo.com.gif" width="200" /></a><span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BIG E</span></b> Period jeans by Levi’s (1936-1971),
considered the quintessential 501, with exposed selvage, natural indigo and
ring fabric. So-called because the Levi’s name on the tab was spelled with a
capital “E” (->Collector’s Items)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BIG-E</span></b> *1991; by Big-E Project. The nickname given
to the famous Levi’s period 501s was registered worldwide to brand a compact
range of perennial jeans pieces, all of which quote original items, focusing on
their fabrics, fit, proportions and details. The collection, licensed worldwide
to CMF Trading, features three pairs of jeans, two western jackets, three rodeo
shirts, chino trousers and vegetable-dyed T-shirts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFA8OchY5KNe1zYqM9SfrywPntZDITY-9m2a8fBL0KakQZTBCDreiNotFXn3C1A6o7WA7mHcBN73LcfjAabbhhPtrW1fJsya8oNpHZKETRpYHP19MvveQSjEvVRPAOHVGFHlRIFxaF3JFf/s1600/big-john-logo.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFA8OchY5KNe1zYqM9SfrywPntZDITY-9m2a8fBL0KakQZTBCDreiNotFXn3C1A6o7WA7mHcBN73LcfjAabbhhPtrW1fJsya8oNpHZKETRpYHP19MvveQSjEvVRPAOHVGFHlRIFxaF3JFf/s1600/big-john-logo.gif" /></a></div>
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<span lang="IN"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;"><b>BIG JOHN </b></span>*1968; Japan; by Big John Japan.
High-grade basic jeanswear, specialized in innovative washes. Japan’s technological
lead in stonewashing substantially contributed to the label’s rapid
establishment. Big John gained its first successful export experience in Sweden
in 1976. In the early ‘90s the key export markets were Benelux, Germany, Spain
and Sweden.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;"><b>BIG MILL</b></span> *1981; Germany; by Lauffenműhle GmbH.
Registered trademark and division of Lauffenműhle weavers. Starting point of
the Big Mill idea was the recognition that growth-promoting strategies for the
jeanswear market would have the come in the future from the weavers. With Bigg
Mill, Lauffenműhle was aiming to create an image of its own as supplier to the
jeanswear industry on the international market. First notable triumph came in
the ‘80s with stretch denim, which was jointly developed with Du Pont. Already
in 1986 Lauffenműhle could be counted as one of the sportswear industry. When
Big Mill had given the weaving company the required denim competence, the
trademark was no longer emphasized.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BIG STAR </span></b>*1975; Germany; by Big Satr Holding AG
Switzerland. In the early ‘80s, Big Star was on of the best-selling jeans
labels in Switzerland. The young, fashionable jeans and sportwear line is
stamped with the All American image. To reinforce this, the Big Star company
surrounds the label with traditional U.S. labels for which it undertakes distribution.
Since 1990, Pierre Morrisset has been designing the jeanswear collection,
classed in three segments: Basics, Authenctic and the U.S. Legend model.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;"><b>BIG STAR FRANCE</b></span> *1975; France; by Mad Engine Sarl.
Jeans brand that shines particulary bright in the women’s market, where it is
credited with a great fit and good quality-price ratio. Mad Engine also
produces jeans for children under the Little Big Star label. Big Star’s high
profile in France is the product of teamwork beetween founder Alain Knafo and his
brothers and sisters.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BIP</span></b> *1971 </span>†<span lang="IN">1984; Germany; by Bierbaum-Proenen GmbH & Co. KG. One-time jeans label
by the workwear manufacturer distributed only in Germany. With a pure denim
trousers program for specialized jeans retailers, the family business entered
the jeans market in 1971. The line was discontinued in 1984.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAWivy9JwyWmEf-qxaWEFe1Vykuv7DPz8JRw85u79vyHKxu1HawY6eT_SGso7igJzqVVgGU00uMgM61QcF3X6ij8zzwJ0UHYC8t7zv5wmNvaL6R1PCJpfgyA4OaqZltalFtSwhPoA-3iN9/s1600/biscote+denim.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAWivy9JwyWmEf-qxaWEFe1Vykuv7DPz8JRw85u79vyHKxu1HawY6eT_SGso7igJzqVVgGU00uMgM61QcF3X6ij8zzwJ0UHYC8t7zv5wmNvaL6R1PCJpfgyA4OaqZltalFtSwhPoA-3iN9/s200/biscote+denim.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BISCOTE </span></b>*1975; France; by Jack’ Sell Sarl. The line, with its better logo
inspired by the legendary Babe Ruth, is known for its distinctive baggy
overalls launched by Guy, Marcel and Jacques Zenou in 1982. The brand’s image
also centers on Biscote’s successful down jackets and its strong women’s jeans.
The company has its own shops in Paris and Cannes and in Okouama, Japan. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BLACK CHANGE BLUE </span></b>Denim fabric made with black overdyed indigo warp yarn,
it “fades” into deep blue after a number of washings.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;"><b>BLACK DENIM</b></span> A denim weave using black yarn rather indigo. It fades to deep
gray or to salt & pepper and has become a classic colour for jeans,
preferred by tough urban guys and girls. Wrangler claims to have been the
first to introduce black denim back in
1950, producing the outfit for American TV character and rodeo hero Hopalong
Cassidy.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BLACK PIZZA</span></b> *1990; Italy; by Emanuel Spa. Initially designed by Tiziano
Mazilli and Louise Michielsen, targeting 14-to-24-year-olds, the line started
with strong styling and expensive packaging, but eventually become more
commercial, with an eye to prices, while retaining a young trendy appeal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BLEACH</span></b> Essential ingredient in giving denim a faded look. Bleaching can be
achieved with Hypochloride of Sodium or
Potassium Permanganate. The latter can leave a yellow tint that purists
don’t like. (-> Pinto Wash Denim)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BLUE BELL INC</span></b>. , USA; Original parent company of Wrangler wich was born
when Blue Bell diversified into western wear in 1974. Blue Bell was acquired by
VF Corp. In 1986, and Wrangler is operated as a seperate division. The history
of the business that became Blue Bell goes back to 1916. To R.W. Baker and the
Jellico Clothing Manufacturing Co. In Jellico, Tennesse. Through a series of
expansions and mergers it became, in 1943, Blue Bell Inc. The firm was at one
time considered to be “the United States Steel Co. Of the work clothes
bussiness,” being largest maker of bib overalls, dungarees and work coats. Over
24 millions garments were produced by Blue Bell for the U.S. Armed Services
during World War II, and after the war, Blue Bell diversified into the civilian
clothes market, making pioneering efforts in sanforizing, proportioned fit and
information labeling for apparel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BLUE COLLAR </span></b>A term denoting a working-class person, so-called becaouse of
the shirt made of blue denim or chambray usually worn by workers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">BLUE DENIM BLIBLE </span></b> One of many
non-apparel items that cashed in on the jeans craze of the early ‘70s. The King
James version, in modern English, covered in denim and costing $1.95.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;"><b>BLUE JEAN BY VENTILO </b></span>*1988; France; by Ventilos SA. A collection of
five-pocket jeans for women in indigo, colored denim and stripes which
complements the heritage style for men and women. Designer Armand Ventilo and
his brother, Jacques, have been active s<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7669534441792754414.post-47289055008418637082011-06-30T11:49:00.029+07:002011-07-04T11:59:26.763+07:00A - Chapter<div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip_N6lT_HWMCp_ZBmC6J_phExOSKqBn11c2X3YHbbXCeRQgzXY-2EV_f13xsmQhQpJrH0DFL3lnFAXIBwE52CzTadajXf5gZooeR3dpz_4b5pcLk_MgnIkRl7EpnZ1r6eWyhFSNulEcZCb/s1600/label.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip_N6lT_HWMCp_ZBmC6J_phExOSKqBn11c2X3YHbbXCeRQgzXY-2EV_f13xsmQhQpJrH0DFL3lnFAXIBwE52CzTadajXf5gZooeR3dpz_4b5pcLk_MgnIkRl7EpnZ1r6eWyhFSNulEcZCb/s200/label.jpg" width="117" /></a><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ACCESSORIES</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">A pair of jeans can be personalized by a number of details: <i>zipper, buttons, rivets, labels, leather tag, flag, size indicator, hang tag or back pocket flasher.</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;"></span></b><br />
<div style="text-align: right;"></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiU8RMqeUZTOqpGWBPdHgXuRBls7irtarVsfBdlW5JbkgwJ9a8YEbQKXOTcBgQsmyZ6iaGVgF_p_cMSxMYQQTGz2EeToiTza8kq8gQTP798bRQqs7EjMEfwkk86-RvwXogvh2DMddL6VZ-x/s1600/acidwash.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiU8RMqeUZTOqpGWBPdHgXuRBls7irtarVsfBdlW5JbkgwJ9a8YEbQKXOTcBgQsmyZ6iaGVgF_p_cMSxMYQQTGz2EeToiTza8kq8gQTP798bRQqs7EjMEfwkk86-RvwXogvh2DMddL6VZ-x/s200/acidwash.jpg" width="120" /></a><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ACID WASH </span></b>A very successful wash and a controversial issue. World famous, acid wash was first commercialized by the Italian firm <i><b>Rifle</b></i>, at <b><i>Inter-Jeans</i></b> in 1986. It turned into a boom and proliferated in a number of variations, but the process was actually patented by the Italian <b><i>Candida Laundry</i></b> company the same year. It consist of soaking pumice stones with chlorine and using their abrasive power to bleach jeans into sharp contrasts. Also known as moon, fog, marble, ice and frosted</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ACQUAVERDE</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">*1981; France; by Latino SA. Created by Alain Knafo, who established Latino in 1988 after nine years with <b><i>Big Star France</i></b>/Mad Engine. Aqcuaverde has developed a reputation for basics in antique ring and left-hand denims.<br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #e69138;"><b>AGED</b></div><div class="MsoNormal">A form of wet processing which, through prolonged abrasion, gives the garment and artificial aged look and a softer hand</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #e69138;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrRQllAG46gowRst6w7hBauq5sbNwnqWJHCvJp5Bb-x-cMZ08Uzu0pTUSXtKD9NkNg_rXSo31zwiVETHGNqGps-KaMvsz63_YkE0br_JCHsQ_c5aS_P6W73wSxbYgSojvIBPbedzCUB9Hb/s1600/ahmed+shami.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrRQllAG46gowRst6w7hBauq5sbNwnqWJHCvJp5Bb-x-cMZ08Uzu0pTUSXtKD9NkNg_rXSo31zwiVETHGNqGps-KaMvsz63_YkE0br_JCHsQ_c5aS_P6W73wSxbYgSojvIBPbedzCUB9Hb/s200/ahmed+shami.jpg" width="150" /></a></div><b>AHMED, Shami</b></div><div class="MsoNormal">*1961 (Karachi, Pakistan) Entrepreneurial founder of the Manchester-based cult label The Legendary Joe Bloggs, Shami(he prefers being known simply by his first name) uses sports and music sponsorship, product placement and special events as well as conventional advertising to promote his brands. Bought to the UK at the age of two, he appears to have followed the advice of his father, Nizam, who set up the Pennywise cash-and-carry warehouse in Manchester: “If you’re going to aim high, you might as well for the sky”. Shami ambition is to repeat his British success abroad, with Germany as the first target.<br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #e69138;"><b>ALBERT, </b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b>Otto Albert Bekleidungswerke</b>, Germany Manufacture of Marshal, one of the great jeans labels, which had its peak in the ‘70s and ‘80s. The traditional coat producer, established in 1948, entered the jeans market in 1971. When the second generation took over the family business (1973 Wolfgang Albert, 1976 Cornelia Dussman-Albert) the commercial and mid-style jeans range was supplemented by fashionable sportswear. Jointly with the Austrian subsidiary, a second label, Albergo, was developed. In the early ‘80s the company became heavily involved in foreign markets. In 1985 for the first time special women’s and men’s fits were offered. The British Vivat Holdings (which also owns Lee Cooper) took over Otto Albert Bekleidungswerke GmbH & Co. and management was restructured. Wolfgang Albert and Cornelia Dussman-Albert left the company. The new proprietor changed the collection makeup as well as the label name—from Marshal to Ken Marshal. The jeanswear label was repositioned as a lifestyle label, but had little success. 1991 saw the jeans label struggling for survival; Vivat Holdings withdrew financial backing and the company dissolved. Since then the Ken Marshal label has been continued through the independent Otto Albert Bekleidungswerke in Braunau, Austria.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #e69138;"><b>ALLOVER</b></div><div class="MsoNormal">Term referring to a type of sanding treatment in which the garment is shot allover with sand blasted from an airgun.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #e69138;"><b>ALPUENTE, Liberto</b></div><div class="MsoNormal">*1946 (Pamiers, France). The Heart and wandering soul of French jeanswear. Co-conspirator with Jean Elbaz in the colorful, eclectic image of French Cimarron since 1986. At age 20, working in secondhand buying and selling for the retail store Jess, Alpuente was on the Bordeaux docks as the U.S. forces were closing French bases, leaving tons of surplus behind. In 1971, he formed the jeanswear brand Liberto with partners Christian Dain, Joe Escaffit and Pierre Morrisset. This group lasted until 1974, when Alpuente left them for a hippy existence in Aix-en-Provence, where he designed a collection called Mémé Féé. A number of freelance design assignments followed, including the well-known Tristan Villeroy and Custer.</div><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ALT GRUPPE</span></b>, Germany</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEVNMDw7vo1pRovUoKiNWK_fYnpa-4sVQRHbf1dVOMJM9zzvC4qxKhW-VvQdYCiLbP23tphCAabyU92YyQGYKx-DJ8aGbckpEFc1VXhX9xsTbJbm4TS8vvdXH3Pd0U2vAp8NF542cb7c5C/s1600/Alt+gruppe.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="116" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEVNMDw7vo1pRovUoKiNWK_fYnpa-4sVQRHbf1dVOMJM9zzvC4qxKhW-VvQdYCiLbP23tphCAabyU92YyQGYKx-DJ8aGbckpEFc1VXhX9xsTbJbm4TS8vvdXH3Pd0U2vAp8NF542cb7c5C/s200/Alt+gruppe.jpg" width="200" /></a>The industrial service company with headquarters in Heilbronn and an annual turnover of DM 60 Million (1990) is one of leading European textile finishers, its key customers being in the jeanswear industry. Founded in 1952 as a dry cleaner by Franz Alt Jr., the firm gave up dry cleaning when Franz Alt Jr. joined the firm in 1982. It then began to specialize in washing and dyeing denims and flat weaves. In the ‘90s, the company’s technological know-how was aimed at developing environmentally compatible finishing methods. Alt Gruppe’s total service is unique and it has subsidiaries worldwide. Alt Textileservice GmbH (founded 1982) washes and dyes, Freshtex Textil-Finishing GmbH (1988) caters for finishing, and Texlog International GmbH (founded 1991 as a joint company with Spedition Schenker, Frankfurt) takes car of the logistics through to retail distribution. In 1991, the washing and dyeing capacity was expanded with the founding of Alt Textileservice GmbH in Hamburg. Alt Textil-Leasing GmbH and Sanitex GmbH are also part of the group</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">AMERICAN SYSTEM</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPzHvSsEFeiWKJx0yPMKf2NcCUuqiVovToAizIatpDlVJxhUMJIX_q2HJ_CwXMwlYGSqIXU4ulK9ZwpNiAyCIMZ0BY0EmvRRH7OsczRqowjycBWbFm4T8gcLf35f-r9QmjguHWD5usvP-7/s1600/American+system.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPzHvSsEFeiWKJx0yPMKf2NcCUuqiVovToAizIatpDlVJxhUMJIX_q2HJ_CwXMwlYGSqIXU4ulK9ZwpNiAyCIMZ0BY0EmvRRH7OsczRqowjycBWbFm4T8gcLf35f-r9QmjguHWD5usvP-7/s200/American+system.jpg" width="200" /></a>*1985; Italy; by Simint Spa. Born as a sweatshirt line designed by <b><i>Olmes Carretti</i></b> and originally produced by Biesseci for the activewear segment, American System was sold to <b><i>Simint</i></b> at the sam time as <b><i>Best Company</i></b>. It has grown into a complete collection that also features jeans and caters to younger consumer<br />
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<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">A.N.G.E.L.O.</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">*1960 (Lugo Di Romagna, Italy) A.n.g.e.l.o di Lugo Di Romagna is the pseudonym of real person (Angelo) who prefers concealing his full family name. Insiders of the denim trade know him as the largest Italian collector of secondhand jeans—about 1000 items, primarily <b><i>Levi’s, Lee</i></b>, and <b><i>Wrangler</i></b>, which he not only stores and cherishes but also rents, for four-month periods, to designers keen to study the secret of vintage denim. A.n.g.e.l.o.’s surplus collection, numbering 10000 items, including accessories, is presented to the public and connoisseurs in the <i>vintage palace</i> in the center of Lugo, where there is also a shop catering to customers driven by nostalgia.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ANGELS</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2ZFXzwVHuJmEy5hSEYfxAcia3vf4yI0BWLB_CqrUppFik9Waxsa0MqLb0YOiZHa7WM0hYFOxJfFZcpZtWq06ppRU_7b6Hv1LM2Gver5RwvZ1B_Vni9Lbio-Q3M-EgB_Szf_ARsCROnMCu/s1600/Angel+jeans.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="159" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2ZFXzwVHuJmEy5hSEYfxAcia3vf4yI0BWLB_CqrUppFik9Waxsa0MqLb0YOiZHa7WM0hYFOxJfFZcpZtWq06ppRU_7b6Hv1LM2Gver5RwvZ1B_Vni9Lbio-Q3M-EgB_Szf_ARsCROnMCu/s200/Angel+jeans.jpg" width="200" /></a>*1980; Germany; by Fleckenstein Jeanswear GmbH. Modern basic jeanswear with emphasis on good fits for women. This specialization and its flexible trend statements have established the label in the medium price segment on the German market. <i>Heidi and Reinhold Fleckenstein</i>, company and label founders, are responsible for the concept. Production is in Italy. Sales are primarily to the German jenaswear specialist trade. A men’s counterpart collection, <i>RF5</i>, was created in 1991</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ANIMALI</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJV7j9zabLooquFutAdqY7w_CgbeC0zGRx069WOkU-YNgvCbTP4-vDUqYgCqnOiz0n8rs1R39x3Zrl0p6cKNFzewRMtNQ3vE_LNet-VozZIkyF3dvMPnVjLMjvUKHFry6hanyWsTfXW28m/s1600/animali+jeans.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="129" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJV7j9zabLooquFutAdqY7w_CgbeC0zGRx069WOkU-YNgvCbTP4-vDUqYgCqnOiz0n8rs1R39x3Zrl0p6cKNFzewRMtNQ3vE_LNet-VozZIkyF3dvMPnVjLMjvUKHFry6hanyWsTfXW28m/s200/animali+jeans.jpg" width="200" /></a>*1987; Germany; by Animali Jeans & Casuals Fashion GmbH. The Animali philosophy is based on the longstanding retail experience of the two label founders <i>Ebba and Isaac Rabinovitz</i>. Settled in medium price segment, Animali offers basic-oriented jeanswear with fashion details, innovative fabrics and outstanding fits. The collection aimed at girl’s fits is distributed mainly in Germany, exclusively to specialized jeans retailers.</div></div></span></div></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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<div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG_JeluYgoMNNoFVexs-y-8G76tE7XqbgxiqeRavH2OGgi8GYSd-CPh0nGKvDh2diNhclsv2G-5goj9n9b9dTMatS_vmOFq9Wtyr9HalvySX2uUQbwskSdOaRDtN3xkJkX6o41WIRBwZPX/s1600/antifit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG_JeluYgoMNNoFVexs-y-8G76tE7XqbgxiqeRavH2OGgi8GYSd-CPh0nGKvDh2diNhclsv2G-5goj9n9b9dTMatS_vmOFq9Wtyr9HalvySX2uUQbwskSdOaRDtN3xkJkX6o41WIRBwZPX/s200/antifit.jpg" width="194" /></a><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ANTIFIT</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">A jeans style, popularized by <b><i>Rifle</i></b> and others, that loose and baggy in shape.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ANTI-TWIST</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">A step in the finishing process, before <i>sanforization</i>, that corrects denim’s natural tendency to twist in the direction of the diagonal twill weave. Also known as skewing.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB9B-cfJV-jKrodhEngdVrWD-6t0FQrhx0Au08vSExoq8e1fh4hyFs_CwBQeuFD5m1fda9PApJG4DBF8rcwwk3SoS8amQSx-GfhgvHbiafqjsYJN6LTvTajm_TtOvh1R6KQVm3NHpT2YpP/s1600/antique.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="136" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB9B-cfJV-jKrodhEngdVrWD-6t0FQrhx0Au08vSExoq8e1fh4hyFs_CwBQeuFD5m1fda9PApJG4DBF8rcwwk3SoS8amQSx-GfhgvHbiafqjsYJN6LTvTajm_TtOvh1R6KQVm3NHpT2YpP/s200/antique.jpg" width="200" /></a><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ANTIQUE</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">A denim finish achieved through sanding and washing, which gives an look to the garment. Antique is also a type of r<i>ing denim</i> in the yarn is strongly <i>uneven</i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">APPALOSA</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4TeJmZ2m8RJw2osFudyMT4dtRt9_VcHiy5Bp2lKY5l1hW3kSROaQdlHUkgmUP3MImCZtsTj3Ki6nJTS-KpFxahRVz658Qtzjc6KFx8cq6qxGyBojkaIfGJ9C49GvpRTW3wvTSGmaz9Lhp/s1600/appaloosa+jeans.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4TeJmZ2m8RJw2osFudyMT4dtRt9_VcHiy5Bp2lKY5l1hW3kSROaQdlHUkgmUP3MImCZtsTj3Ki6nJTS-KpFxahRVz658Qtzjc6KFx8cq6qxGyBojkaIfGJ9C49GvpRTW3wvTSGmaz9Lhp/s1600/appaloosa+jeans.jpg" /></a>* 1986; Italy; by Edwin International. Created by <i>Elio Fiorucci</i>, The jeans feature <i>saddle stitching</i> and <i>ring</i> fabrics, for those jeans aficionados who love the wild country and its free, natural lifestyle. Fiorucci calls it “the Hermes of jeans”.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnmeHYUbaeOuVitQdCpNqd1ibMwvWNsT8ClFJxfArr4E0zLawsc1J_O53Y1Y49ZGrhAfFftgRhgvbT6I_Yq6YqHwtWEai2qkxSlNXhZCfiilBxiVP_fxhxpUULz5sl7A-s_MHBjpVUPWLV/s1600/apple+jeans.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnmeHYUbaeOuVitQdCpNqd1ibMwvWNsT8ClFJxfArr4E0zLawsc1J_O53Y1Y49ZGrhAfFftgRhgvbT6I_Yq6YqHwtWEai2qkxSlNXhZCfiilBxiVP_fxhxpUULz5sl7A-s_MHBjpVUPWLV/s1600/apple+jeans.jpg" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">APPLE JEANS</span></b> (In Germany, *1978† c.1982); Japan; by Texwood. Apple Jeans was launched in Germany by Tuxedo GmbH, the Hamburg distributor, under license from Texwood, on of Hongkong’s biggest jeans manufacturers. The establishing of Apple Jeans as a classic label in jeanswear retailing prospered chiefly because of selective advertising activities. The label disappeared from German market in the early ‘80s.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">AQUAWASH</span></b> A denim fabric introduced by Italian textile company Montebello in 1990. It look like faded bleached indigo, but in reality is a red indigo denim (a lighter shade of blue), which makes the wash-down process easier.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9YWPovDxD3e8XtsWpv6AwTh490fPGLLLpzAXEuhOE88PPDqZUwTVQp9iyDPm7_UgP3XGpJBnOBlV62ixT6l_tpLP8oF4mHYcRV-rxiCxgcC9g5mQwGJVzG7oWOmZg88U6A6NfHuga1ZPR/s1600/arizona+jeans.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9YWPovDxD3e8XtsWpv6AwTh490fPGLLLpzAXEuhOE88PPDqZUwTVQp9iyDPm7_UgP3XGpJBnOBlV62ixT6l_tpLP8oF4mHYcRV-rxiCxgcC9g5mQwGJVzG7oWOmZg88U6A6NfHuga1ZPR/s1600/arizona+jeans.jpg" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ARIZONA JEANS</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">*1973; Germany; by Otto Versand. Proven in-house label for the Hamburg mail-order firm Otto. Arizona Jeans for women, men, and children appear in the Otto main catalog (circ.1990/91: seven million) and in the more selective trend catalog. The jeans with the favorable price/quality ratio are available in Holland, Switzerland and Germany.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCjgW1gy1t_aQIgc0U2WBMCUJmZ1Qo03LZZDjvQXLYb99ILyvJHWZGOIxr5Bx_bgivpPquFeM61BBouw10P7A_0yLWggr3S5mE0j1RKHo9fn_PuBpUe7oB3T4Vr0wTOE1sfg_8W6Y3XcRr/s1600/armani.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCjgW1gy1t_aQIgc0U2WBMCUJmZ1Qo03LZZDjvQXLYb99ILyvJHWZGOIxr5Bx_bgivpPquFeM61BBouw10P7A_0yLWggr3S5mE0j1RKHo9fn_PuBpUe7oB3T4Vr0wTOE1sfg_8W6Y3XcRr/s1600/armani.jpg" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ARMANI, GIORGIO </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">*1934 (Piacenza, Italy) Internationally known star of Italian fashion design who rose the fame in the early ‘80s, thanks largely to his innovative approach to jacket construction. His very successful jeanswear line, Armani Jeans, is considered to have been the first Italian designer jeans.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ARMANI JEANS</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizosOClxpEkJCHcpKlos9ZNUE_NKahYc24pRAvZoK361D0kFprNfls42kfH1sY29WKlapLv0c4Eh-GbPrp-nJEa0F7ba723F7vabs9PNlFhHlJW8jRheq1_jRERz0IyTI73I_uqkv67B1n/s1600/armani+jeans.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizosOClxpEkJCHcpKlos9ZNUE_NKahYc24pRAvZoK361D0kFprNfls42kfH1sY29WKlapLv0c4Eh-GbPrp-nJEa0F7ba723F7vabs9PNlFhHlJW8jRheq1_jRERz0IyTI73I_uqkv67B1n/s1600/armani+jeans.jpg" /></a>*1981; Italy; by Simint Spa. Due in part to Giorgio Armani’s commercial charisma, the line quickly established it self as an Italian bestseller, opening the path for the designer jeans era in Europe. The typical Armany Jeans is shapely, fitted at the waist and hips and loose on the legs. Recognizeable by its famous “eagle” logo, the collection normally features trendy pieces and innovative fabric and color ideas.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnUMlNagrg3bOGyqqQ6QSBpnfMJLZ6UjoU0YYDLRMaEcwoIYzxqsxbkwl3S0o8X6DyYqVOS6q2qJLzdEGFWs3snhb2T3F3AhrH3pf_CgNrugNVpGOikYsId_HsUx08bJxhyhDLBUnb9n9g/s1600/askari+jeans.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnUMlNagrg3bOGyqqQ6QSBpnfMJLZ6UjoU0YYDLRMaEcwoIYzxqsxbkwl3S0o8X6DyYqVOS6q2qJLzdEGFWs3snhb2T3F3AhrH3pf_CgNrugNVpGOikYsId_HsUx08bJxhyhDLBUnb9n9g/s1600/askari+jeans.jpg" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ASKARÍ</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">*1977; Germany; Kübler Bekleidungswerke GmbH & Co. Created in 1964 as a second label of the workwear producer who, with this label, started up production of fashionable jeanswear in 1977. In 1984, in order to better exploit this market segment, the company joined an Italian styling office, and since then has offered a fashionable women’s jeans range in the medium price segment. Distribution in Austria and Germany.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">ATLANTIC MILLS, UK</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOKnVkP1Wx3uSxjsaVM9CX8xevSSBxE62gMBlYlAPsvN4RsTA1izt5IRZtK3Vqd_GOW_FuNS1MpaV5SKeYaevY6sys7YKIxdDBDQDGI8L12PeMlvlfd59TpDk3gvB1JBoEL4V5eo0khW9r/s1600/atlantic+mills.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOKnVkP1Wx3uSxjsaVM9CX8xevSSBxE62gMBlYlAPsvN4RsTA1izt5IRZtK3Vqd_GOW_FuNS1MpaV5SKeYaevY6sys7YKIxdDBDQDGI8L12PeMlvlfd59TpDk3gvB1JBoEL4V5eo0khW9r/s1600/atlantic+mills.jpg" /></a>Formerly the European operation of Burlington USA, this Ireland-based manufacturer of heavyweight denim is jointly owned by Dutch group Ten Cate and French giant DMC. Main markets are Germany, France and the UK; Atlantic is known for its innovation at the middle to top end of the market. Among its claims are that it was the first European mill to produce blue/black denim, the first to introduce ultra-blues and the first to bring in high-contrast denims. New in 1991 was Retro, an open-end denim with a ring-spun look. Atlantic is licensed to use the Cotton USA mark.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw2YPXGzQrPD89TGRxgKLhQiKhTY_YCcIAHq8XD7HJHSB61TEBZbGL14nypJ7bHwSNPT2TEXDlxWEDOiBs902FI8oILFwZS5OHw9GC-qOviwJaswDahck10o4k-4L8zSMlan4nT3hbFD2V/s1600/au+vieux.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="140" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw2YPXGzQrPD89TGRxgKLhQiKhTY_YCcIAHq8XD7HJHSB61TEBZbGL14nypJ7bHwSNPT2TEXDlxWEDOiBs902FI8oILFwZS5OHw9GC-qOviwJaswDahck10o4k-4L8zSMlan4nT3hbFD2V/s200/au+vieux.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">AU VIEUX CONTINENT, FRANCE</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">Giant two-level store near Paris’ Place des Victoires which introduced the idea of jeans store as an event. Opened in 1991 by Jean-Michel Signoles of Chipie, Arnaud and Jacques Ventilo and Philippe Avanzi, the store features several shops-within-a-shop and includes everything from an antique jeans museum, vintage cars and motorcycles and rare records to old decorated plates from U.S. cafetarias and private clubs.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX1R7mr6Ug9Yln0OBqlbb_LoCOQiuQ5ahlX6IuCY-S_UlNhlfy_zwshcKcUDKsCN1fbxw1XaAJNKRnKvVamSFAoFghWK6pGqH1pFg5MR6TOSPHLABGYVTLBx7MnBs2Eb6ICVFAdrfnNaT3/s1600/AUDIGIER.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX1R7mr6Ug9Yln0OBqlbb_LoCOQiuQ5ahlX6IuCY-S_UlNhlfy_zwshcKcUDKsCN1fbxw1XaAJNKRnKvVamSFAoFghWK6pGqH1pFg5MR6TOSPHLABGYVTLBx7MnBs2Eb6ICVFAdrfnNaT3/s200/AUDIGIER.jpg" width="154" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">AUDIGIER, Christian</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">*1958 (GAP, France) One of France’s leading jeanswear designers and founder of the first jeanswear styling office, Topsider, later called Christian Audigier and His Gang. He began his career as manager of Jean Machine. Soon he was designing jeanswear for Mac Keen, then women’s wear for Fiorucci. In 1991, he redesigned the jeans and Young Fashion floor of Paris department store La Samaritaine.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">AUTHENTIC</span></b><sup><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">1</span></b></sup></div><div class="MsoNormal">A finishing process similar to vintage, using stonewashing or a cellulose enzyme wash, with or without bleach, for an old and worn look. Also a type of ring fabric in which the ring yarn has evident slubs.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsRyVFHRrhMvV58-29tAud0PM-SP0W3pRzFv2FPTOkUqWa2IJlxaVsoOhetd4keerHVTbkuYwLT63QW7XGq7sr05FOZmxMt_sgBE2QPV0FPHVHF1PDi9IgCc-OVc_3f9zfzLRhS9DysDun/s1600/authentic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="118" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsRyVFHRrhMvV58-29tAud0PM-SP0W3pRzFv2FPTOkUqWa2IJlxaVsoOhetd4keerHVTbkuYwLT63QW7XGq7sr05FOZmxMt_sgBE2QPV0FPHVHF1PDi9IgCc-OVc_3f9zfzLRhS9DysDun/s200/authentic.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">AUTHENTIC</span></b><sup><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">2 </span></b></sup></div><div class="MsoNormal">A jeanswear adjective that became a marketing buzzword in the early ‘90s as the quest for original denim qualities swept the European market. Among the characteristics of “authentic” jeans are traditional fabric weaves and finishes and jeanswear styling details.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;"><b>AVIATIC</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEik6FxkzCXNP2rqKLmelZZeh6vz-8UHtv7qBjl4ULAcnIwPn-rwWcNj67iaIWyjyoe8RJ80AXiOLEkOE7JX1JhLaY2imk_Fx6WcqvFIJoU5PwTltQpocQmy9e0h-E6bcn-C_f-QBIc-jlG3/s1600/aviatic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="60" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEik6FxkzCXNP2rqKLmelZZeh6vz-8UHtv7qBjl4ULAcnIwPn-rwWcNj67iaIWyjyoe8RJ80AXiOLEkOE7JX1JhLaY2imk_Fx6WcqvFIJoU5PwTltQpocQmy9e0h-E6bcn-C_f-QBIc-jlG3/s200/aviatic.jpg" width="200" /></a>*1983; France; by Aviatic SA. Founder Michel Faraut has maintained Aviatic’s basic identity with models like “Vintege Button Fly” in heavy denim woven on old 70 cm looms. In 1988 Aviatic began exporting, notably to Japan, the U.S. and England, thanks to its timely introduction of the Used Wash.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">AVIREX</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwq9qy2jdBEwHNTqNoo1x217dJnP9MOMZYPfvXPxyeYxfag4WvirtD5dN99VgzCEzhX6ZQvUCkJcv20czCsZtcb8Zg3JeGcvKjcdf-5GCS9xJ_GItOHHkiNrg7bU_zUSiWvJ6rTt1waqWe/s1600/avirex.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="52" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwq9qy2jdBEwHNTqNoo1x217dJnP9MOMZYPfvXPxyeYxfag4WvirtD5dN99VgzCEzhX6ZQvUCkJcv20czCsZtcb8Zg3JeGcvKjcdf-5GCS9xJ_GItOHHkiNrg7bU_zUSiWvJ6rTt1waqWe/s200/avirex.jpg" width="200" /></a>*1975; USA; by Avirex Ltd. Originally in business as Cockpit, a catalog/store that specialized in reproductions of World War II flight jackets, Avirex later expanded into a wholesale line, which cam to include jeans. The line is classic in styling, with retro-American themes of authenticity, nostalgia and romance. The markets are menswear and juniors.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDKqYM57oBlCjmQ8fHg9iewpnAPsqyu2Hwr11JF23tcGReCpje9ReejPdYRkxfJedfXzoW1KzpdgtxnHG-ZPDN_KnUbjSSNsDO8ygItdwWcX5vC4f9x-ZrIB_baUfmCrdC4HPhLdgEKKik/s1600/avondale.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="140" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDKqYM57oBlCjmQ8fHg9iewpnAPsqyu2Hwr11JF23tcGReCpje9ReejPdYRkxfJedfXzoW1KzpdgtxnHG-ZPDN_KnUbjSSNsDO8ygItdwWcX5vC4f9x-ZrIB_baUfmCrdC4HPhLdgEKKik/s200/avondale.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">AVONDALE MILLS, USA</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">Denim producer based in Sylacauga, Alabama, with two mills in the U.S. Its product offerings are strictly all-cotton indigo, in 14 ¾ oz. and 11 ¼ oz. It has been manufacturing denim for nearly 100 years.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1KmJKnHTanlP_g7nZnd_MO_yP9ny6yAqZKWxOgZwnZ95-UK44NSLsbZm7vErZ2SL9guhw7_VOe0Y5JyFiMBfjD0KBf0LOelrEowLsBhDH0CCvtKmY22jIxTu95WZ_B-QiK6LYHX9FI3Dn/s1600/ax.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="158" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1KmJKnHTanlP_g7nZnd_MO_yP9ny6yAqZKWxOgZwnZ95-UK44NSLsbZm7vErZ2SL9guhw7_VOe0Y5JyFiMBfjD0KBf0LOelrEowLsBhDH0CCvtKmY22jIxTu95WZ_B-QiK6LYHX9FI3Dn/s200/ax.jpg" width="200" /></a><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">A/X</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">Armani Exchange. An ambitious retail program conceived in 1991 by Giorgio Armani and Simint Spa, with an eye toward conquering the American jeanswear market with strong price-point awareness and good basic styling.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e69138;">AZOULAY, GUY</span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiAIjteIISa23_aN3udjy9ZGcMi8Rj5ua46MytK71S3zpd39dlodFHNf0f-QSUMWct6D5EostQDhEbWnV-gamAXePbu0HIffMylvgvLV4Tg4tdNV01wnX5oXw78Hgz_t18Ba5nP7m4cupk/s1600/azoulay.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiAIjteIISa23_aN3udjy9ZGcMi8Rj5ua46MytK71S3zpd39dlodFHNf0f-QSUMWct6D5EostQDhEbWnV-gamAXePbu0HIffMylvgvLV4Tg4tdNV01wnX5oXw78Hgz_t18Ba5nP7m4cupk/s200/azoulay.jpg" width="163" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal">*1957 (Algiers, Algeria) The founder of Charles Chevignon started with distressed leather blousons inspired by fighter pilots, which he perfected with the help of his cousin, designer Jean Elbaz, in 1979. Azoulay turned his fascination with Americana—his impressive collection includes American advertising art and Coca Cola vending machine—into France’s hottest logo-covered sportswear of the ‘80s. </div><br />
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</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7669534441792754414.post-81912538686953926442011-06-30T08:27:00.002+07:002011-07-01T16:14:13.972+07:00INTRODUCTION<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsLm1Eg9SO8F_I0l1ptUIUxPiE_HrAcCC1Gjss48mBO76117R-AHcNUI-cXiW-O699oDNvF2bZIz9b4sa6OsBpU9WDtlN-ADY80zl3dYalN8oo9G9ll4-bCQVozvPwnINiYdO3SJsC4yVI/s1600/jeans+encyclopedia+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsLm1Eg9SO8F_I0l1ptUIUxPiE_HrAcCC1Gjss48mBO76117R-AHcNUI-cXiW-O699oDNvF2bZIz9b4sa6OsBpU9WDtlN-ADY80zl3dYalN8oo9G9ll4-bCQVozvPwnINiYdO3SJsC4yVI/s320/jeans+encyclopedia+copy.jpg" width="206" /></a></div><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Invented a little over a century ago, jeans are the world’s most popular, versatile garment, crossing boundaries of class, age and nationality. From their origins as pure workwear, they have spread through every level of the fashion spectrum, embraced internationally for their unmatched comfort and appeal. Constantly in demand, they have survived the passing of both trends and time, capturing the ethos of each succeeding decade. While their charisma springs from their legendary American roots, their commercial strength rests on innovation and interpretation in the hands of jeanswear makers around the world. This Jeans Encyclopedia Blog that originally taken from The Magazine by Sportswear International, " </span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">THE JEANS ENCYCLOPEDIA</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> " , The best of its kind, provides a comprehensive, insider look at the jeans and denim industry, with a special focus on the European market. A unique document, it is both tribute and indispensable working tool, a resource for all those involved in the business-veterans who will recognize their own contributions and refresh their memories as well as newcomers interested in acquiring essential knowledge. </span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">THE JEANS ENCYCLOPEDIA</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> Blog, presented in an easy-to-access A to Z format, traces the evolution of jeanswear’s heritage, including profiles of existing and once-famous brands, leading companies and well-known personalities, historical facts, bestselling styles, fabric developments, technical definitions and more</span><br />
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